HIRATSUKA, Motoshi

ISSN：18800270

ISSN：13416979

Outline：© 2017 The Japanese Forest Society There has been an expansion of the fallow areas in the mountainous terrain of Northern Laos, resulting in a significant effect on greenhouse gas emissions in the region. This study estimated living biomass of variously aged fallow areas (4–35 years old) in mountainous terrain. The living biomass of study sites, which was estimated by applying original allometric equations in each plant component, ranged from 49.4 to 390.1 Mg ha −1 . Using individual biomass data, we then developed a growth model based on a correlation between stand age (years after slash-and-burn) and living biomass in fallow areas > 20 years old. The developed growth model was well fitted by a theoretical formula of Mitscherlich (Living biomass = 372.9 × [1 – 1.117 × exp(−0.05556 × stand age)]) (R 2  = 0.670). In addition, the area of each aged fallow area was estimated by analysis of time series of satellite imagery and change-detection analysis to detect past fire events (slash-and-burn). All of the living biomass of the fallow areas in each age were estimated using the developed model and were analyzed. The age-classed weighted mean value of living biomass in fallow areas was estimated as 111.4 Mg ha −1 . These results clarified that living biomass in fallow areas was dependent on age, and estimation methods including age data are essential for improving the estimation accuracy of forest carbon stocks in fallow areas during long-term Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation projects in Northern Laos and surrounding regions.

ISSN：14746778

Outline：Copyright © 2016 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. Indonesia is rapidly progressing in terms of reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD plus) preparedness. We carried out a detailed feasibility study to develop and implement a new mechanism of the REDD plus for Central Kalimantan, a REDD pilot province of Indonesia. Several REDD plus activities were implemented in Paduran Mulia Village of Central Kalimantan. Remote sensing data was used to detect land use changes in the study area and was complemented by ground inventory to assess the actual carbon stock of the forest. The study found that land cover and uses have significantly been changed since last 30 years. Considering 2008 as a base year, we estimated that the total emission reduction would be 9,344 Gg CO2 in the next 20 years (about 450 Gg CO2/year). The results indicated the optimistic scenario with significant emission reduction if the proposed REDD plus activities were implemented successfully.

ISSN：02851598

Outline：To improve the livelihood of local people involved in the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (REDD+) project, we examined the necessary factors to incorporate Melaleuca (Melaleuca cajupti) timber production as a new income source. At PM Village, with Central Kalimantan as research target, we conducted Project Cycle Management (PCM) to investigate Melaleuca timber production. Findings clarified that the main problem was access to the timber market. Therefore, we conducted market surveys to search for and develop a distribution channel. We discovered two markets for Melaleuca timber; market of a small-diameter timber and a middle-diameter timber. Eventually, it became apparent that there was no room to enter the small-diameter market. In the middle-diameter market, a shortage of timber was occurring simultaneously with an increase in Melaleuca demand because the amount of timber available from Kalimantan (e.g., Meranti: Shorea spp.) had decreased. In PM Village, there were no middle-diameter trees, so forest management (i.e., silviculture) was identified as an objective for the area. Moreover, forest management in this area has become additionality of the REDD+ project. Accordingly, it is anticipated that Melaleuca grown in peatlands will generate profitable income for REDD+ projects in other peatland areas.

ISSN：18826261

ISSN：0917415X

Outline：Trunk diameter (D, cm) and tree height (H, m) growth curves were produced for 49 timber tree species from planted forests in West Java, Indonesia. Data were available covering a period of more than 40 years. The D and H of all trees of various ages were measured and coefficients of the Gompertz growth function were determined for each tree species. The tree species were then classified according to their wood production potential, on the basis of the relationship between their potential growth rate k, and asymptotic maximum carrying capacity A. The relationships between k and A, for both D and H growth curves of the tree species investigated, were negatively correlated (p < 0.05). Tree species of the Dipterocarpaceae exhibited a variety of growth characteristics with respect to D. In contrast the H growth characteristics for this family tended to be similar, with lower k values and higher A values than other tree species. These growth performance data for specific timber tree species will be useful to aid in the selection of tree species to plant, and in facilitating the establishment of forestry systems with long-term rotations (30 to 50 years) in the humid tropics.

ISSN：00213551

Outline：After the 1998 forest fire in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, biomass recovery of naturally regenerated vegetation was estimated in order to evaluate the initial secondary succession patterns of the burned land. We established research plots in naturally regenerated vegetation that included pioneer tree species, and the dominant pioneer species were Homalanthus populneus, Macaranga gigantea and M. hypoleuca, Mallotus paniculatus, Melastoma malabathricum, Piper aduncum, or Trema cannabina and T. orietalis. Annual tree censuses over 4 years (from 2000 to 2003) showed that on plots where the initially dominant tree species were M. malabathricum and T. cannabina and T. orietalis, they tended to disappear, and were replaced with M. gigantea and M. hypoleuca. In contrast, on plots where the initially dominant species were M. gigantea and M. hypoleuca, M. paniculatus, or P. aduncum, they continued to dominate 5 years after the fire. We classified tree species that were initially dominant but disappeared within 5 years after the fire as extremely short-lived tree species. The aboveground biomass of trees (AGB) averaged 12.3 Mg ha-1 (ranging from 9.2 to 17.0 Mg ha-1) in 2000 and 15.9 Mg ha-1 (ranging from 7.4 to 25.0 Mg ha-1) in 2003. Between 2000 and 2003, some plots exhibited an increase in AGB and some a decrease in AGB. In the plots dominated by M. gigantea and M. hypoleuca, the AGB increased to over 20 Mg ha-1, but other plots accumulated significantly less AGB in the 5 years following the fire. These results suggest that the pattern of AGB accumulation in secondary forests is strongly dependent on the dominant pioneer tree species.

ISSN：13416979

Outline：Biomass of a mature man-made forest in West Java, Indonesia, was estimated to evaluate the carbon sequestration potential of plantation forest in the humid tropics. Twenty plots, each 0.25 ha in area and containing one to six planted species over 40 years of age and with closed canopies, were selected. Trunk dry mass was estimated from trunk diameter, tree height, and bulk density. Maximum trunk diameter (122 cm) was observed in a 46-year-old Khaya grandifoliola C. DC. tree, and the tallest tree (51 m) was a 46-year-old Shorea selanica (DC.) Blume. The largest trunk biomass (911 Mg ha-1) was achieved in the plot composed of two Khaya spp. Among the plots composed of indigeneous Dipterocarpaceae species, the largest trunk biomass was 635 Mg ha-1. These trunk biomasses were larger than those reported from primary rainforests in Southeast Asia (e.g., 403 Mg ha-1 in East Kalimantan, 522 and 368 Mg ha-1 in Peninsular Malaysia). The large biomass in this forest suggests that, given favorable conditions, man-made forests can accumulate the quantities of atmospheric carbon that were lost by the logging of primary forests in the humid tropics. © The Japanese Forest Society and Springer-Verlag 2005.

ISSN：0917415X

ISSN：18800270

Outline：We investigated the distribution of indigenous and exotic dandelions and their growing environmental conditions in Mikajima district, Tokorozawa, Saitama Prefecture in Japan. In the overall 167 investigated points in Mikajima district, colonies with indigenous dandelion were 16 (9.6%), exotic dandelion were 132 (79.9%), and both dandelions were 17 (10.2%). There were many other exotic plants in the communities with dandelion colonies. From the comparison of soil properties at each colony, the indigenous dandelion grew in weak acidic soil and the exotic dandelion grew in the slightly alkaline soil. Additionally, exotic dandelion distributed widely in the soil with low to high water contents and wide range of soil hardness. Those distribution characteristics of exotic dandelion indicated that this species easily invaded and distributed in urban area. (Waseda Journal of Human Sciences, 18 (1) : 31-36, 2005)

ISSN：18800270

Outline：Increment of household wastes and that complication relate to our life-style closely. For the solution of those problems, our consciousness reform is significantly needed. The university students (n = 439) and high school students (n = 845) who might be the key persons of the future society were investigated in this study. The knowledge of the university students about the separation of the trash was higher than the high school students. The separation of the trash was being carried out at the high rate of the university students than the high school students. There were many answers which were negative toward the thing connected with the cost of living such as "charging for the trash" and "the rather expensive items for the environment preservation". Overall, there was small difference between the university students and the high school students. However, a difference in consciousness for the separation of the trash became distinct obviously, in the difference in each residence form and sex of person. A person living alone and a woman were more negative toward the increase of cost of living for the environmental preservation, rather than persons living with families and men. (Waseda Journal of Human Sciences, 18 (1) : 101-107, 2005)

ISSN：0216-0919

International conferenceOral presentation(general)Venue：On-line

International conferenceOral presentation(invited, special)Venue：Tokyo

International conferenceOral presentation(general)Venue：Jakarta

International conferenceOral presentation(general)Venue：Jakarta

International conferenceOral presentation(invited, special)Venue：Tokyo

International conferenceOral presentation(invited, special)Venue：Kanazawa

International conferenceOral presentation(invited, special)Venue：Manila

International conferenceOral presentation(invited, special)Venue：Tokyo

International conferenceOral presentation(invited, special)

International conferenceOral presentation(invited, special)