梅津　信二郎

ISSN：02608774

概要：© 2017 Elsevier Ltd The objective of this study is to develop 3D food printer that can improve taste by means of creating food texture and can grant artistry which pastry chef perform by utilizing electrostatic inkjet printer high precision printing. There is a previous 3D food printer which utilizes Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) to print chocolate. This method is to melt the material by heat and then print the material layer by layer to shape. It can only represent a rough image of the object since its print precision is rough. Furthermore, the material it can use is limited. Therefore in this study, we utilize electrostatic inkjet printing technology. By utilizing electrostatic inkjet printing, it not only enables high precision printing and grants food artistry but it also optimizes inner structure. High precision food printing is one of the important element to create food texture. We manufactured the electrostatic inkjet chocolate 3D printer and investigated its basic property. Utilized electrostatic inkjet chocolate 3D printer to print chocolate on the edible film and transfer it to a complex free surface.

ISSN：14335298

概要：© 2017, ISAROB. Gelatin is useful for biofabrication, because it can be used for cell scaffolds and it has unique properties. Therefore, we attempted to fabricate biodevices of gelatin utilizing micro 3D printer which is able to print with high precision. However, it has been difficult to fabricate 3D structure of gelatin utilizing 3D printer, because a printed gelatin droplet on the metal plate electrode would spread before solidification. To clear this problem, we developed a new experimental set-up with a peltier device that can control temperature of the impact point. At an impact point temperature of 80 °C, the spreading of printed gelatin droplets was prevented. Therefore, we were able to print a ball gelatin. In addition, we were able to print a narrower gelatin line than at an impact point temperature of 20 °C.

ISSN：14335298

概要：© 2016, ISAROB. Over the past few years, many researchers have shown an interest in micro air vehicle (MAV), since it can be used for rescue mission and investigation of danger zone which is difficult for human being to enter. In recent years, many researchers try to develop high-performance MAVs, but a little attention has been given to the wing-folding mechanism of wings. When the bird and the flying insects land, they usually fold their wings. If they do not fold their wings, their movement area is limited. In this paper, we focused on the artificial wing-folding mechanism. We designed a new artificial wing that has link mechanism. With the wing-folding mechanism, the wing span was reduced to 15%. In addition, we set feathers separately on the end of wings like those of real birds. The wings make thrust force by the change of the shape of the feathers. However, the wings could not produce enough lift force to lift it. Therefore, we have come to the conclusion that it is necessary to optimize the wings design to get stronger lift force by flapping.

ISSN：14335298

概要：© 2016, ISAROB. Biotechnology has drastically been advanced by the development of iPS and ES cells, which are representative forms induced pluripotent stem cells. In the micro/nano bio field, the development of cells and Taylor-made medicine for a potential treatment of incurable diseases has been a center of attention. The melting point of gelatin is between 25 and 33 °C, and the sol–gel transition occurs in low temperature. This makes the deformation of this useful biomaterial easy. The examples of gelatin fiber applications are suture threads, blood vessel prosthesis, cell-growth-based materials, filter materials, and many others. Because the cell size differs depending on the species and applications, it is essential to fabricate gelatin fibers of different diameters. In this paper, we have developed a fabrication method for gelatin fibers the coacervation method. We fabricated narrow gelatin fibers having a diameter over 10 μm.

ISSN：00214922

概要：© 2017 The Japan Society of Applied Physics. Tissues engineered utilizing biofabrication techniques have recently been the focus of much attention, because these bioengineered tissues have great potential to improve the quality of life of patients with various hard-to-treat diseases. Most tissues contain micro-tubular structures including blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and bile canaliculus. Therefore, we bioengineered a micro diameter tube using alginate gel to coat the core gelatin gel. Micro-gelatin fibers were fabricated by the coacervation method and then coated with a very thin alginate gel layer by dipping. A micro diameter alginate tube was produced by dissolving the core gelatin gel. Consequently, these procedures led to the formation of micro-alginate gel tubes of various shapes and sizes. This biofabrication technique should contribute to tissue engineering research fields.

ISSN：0021-4922

概要：Tissues engineered utilizing biofabrication techniques have recently been the focus of much attention, because these bioengineered tissues have great potential to improve the quality of life of patients with various hard-to-treat diseases. Most tissues contain micro-tubular structures including blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and bile canaliculus. Therefore, we bioengineered a micro diameter tube using alginate gel to coat the core gelatin gel. Micro-gelatin fibers were fabricated by the coacervation method and then coated with a very thin alginate gel layer by dipping. A micro diameter alginate tube was produced by dissolving the core gelatin gel. Consequently, these procedures led to the formation of micro-alginate gel tubes of various shapes and sizes. This biofabrication technique should contribute to tissue engineering research fields.

概要：© The Author(s) 2017.The authors focus on the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printer because the FDM 3D printer can print the utility resin material. It can print with low cost and therefore it is the most suitable for home 3D printer. The FDM 3D printer has the problem that it produces layer grooves on the surface of the 3D printed structure. Therefore the authors developed the 3D-Chemical Melting Finishing (3D-CMF) for removing layer grooves. In this method, a pen-style device is filled with a chemical able to dissolve the materials used for building 3D printed structures. By controlling the behavior of this pen-style device, the convex parts of layer grooves on the surface of the 3D printed structure are dissolved, which, in turn, fills the concave parts. In this study it proves the superiority of the 3D-CMF than conventional processing for the 3D printed structure. It proves utilizing the evaluation of the safety, selectively and stability. It confirms the improving of the 3D-CMF and it is confirmed utilizing the data of the surface roughness precision and the observation of the internal state and the evaluation of the mechanical characteristics.

ISSN：2045-2322

概要：When the 3D printed structures were printed utilizing FDM 3D printer the layer grooves were generated on the structures. The layer grooves make the 3D printed structures strength decrease. Therefore authors already devised the 3D-CMF (Chemical Melting Finishing). The 3D-CMF is the method that dissolve the convex part of the layer grooves and filled in the concave part of the layer grooves and smoothen the layer grooves.3D-CMF reduces the cause of breaking of the 3D printed structures, which is considered to increase the strength. In this paper, we investigated the fundamental characteristics of the 3D-CMF and demonstrate of the change of the strength of the 3D printed structures.

概要：我々は、研削加工の更なる高品位加工面の創成を目的として、超微細砥粒を均一分散した砥石の開発を進めている。そこで、液滴の微細吐出を実現できるPELID技術に着目し、本手法で微細砥粒を均一分散させた積層砥の開発を行なった。本報告では、PELID技術を用いた積層砥石の製作結果及び加工結果を報告する。

概要：近年、様々な情報機器の小型化・高性能化が進んでいる。それに伴い様々な加工技術が開発されている。今回それらの要望に対し、PELIDを用い砥粒含有ファイバー繊維を開発した。本報告では、砥粒含有ファイバー繊維を、砥石の砥粒相当として含有することにより、砥石内の砥粒密度制御や砥粒の保持力を高めたELID研削用砥石を開発した。

概要：近年，材料加工分野において精密化，高能率化が求められている．その加工法の一つとしてELID研削法がある．我々はELID研削の加工精度の更なる向上のため，立体的な砥石内部形状を有する砥石製作を目指している．本研究では3DプリンタとPELIDを用いて砥粒分布と砥石構造の制御を行い，内部構造を有する砥石の製作を行った．また，試作した砥石の加工結果についてELID研削加工実験により検証した．

概要：

細胞組織の構造を任意的に制御可能になることは、より生体組織に近い機能を持った人工的な細胞組織の作製が可能になるが、バイオ3Dプリンタはこれを実現可能な技術として期待されている。そこで本研究では、静電力によってインクを吐出するマイクロバイオ3Dプリンタの開発を行った。マイクロバイオ3Dプリンタは次の様な装置構成である。プリントの対象となる面はXYZステージに取り付けられ、シリンジは着弾面に対して垂直に設置される。シリンジの先端にノズルが装着され、プリントするインクはシリンジ内に充填される。高電圧電源装置からシリンジ内のインクに電圧が印加され、電荷を持ったインクがノズル先端から、アース接続されている着弾面に向かって引っ張られるように吐出される。XYZステージがPC制御によって動くことで、任意の形状にプリントすることが可能である。静電力によってインクを吐出するので、高粘性の液体を高精度に吐出することが可能である。バイオマテリアルは粘性の高い液体が多く、さらに、細胞組織の構造をより精密にコントロールするためには数十マイクロオーダーのプリント精度が求められるが、従来のプリント方式では吐出困難である。いっぽうで、本研究で開発したマイクロバイオ3Dプリンタは高精度にバイオマテリアルをプリントすることが可能である。マイクロ3Dプリンタを用いて高精度なバイオマテリアルゲルパターニング技術を開発したので、ここに報告する。

概要：In grinding, it is effective to use micro-particle grinding wheels to create high quality ground surfaces. However, the finer the abrasives used, the more problematic will the aggregateing of the abrasives be during the fabrication of the wheel. In this study, we aimed to resolve this problem by applying PELID to e venly disperse the microabrasives while laminating the grinding wheel. As a result of investigations, it was found that the microabrasives can be evenly dispersed over conductive substrates by PELID, but dispersion onto nonconductive substrates is uneven due to the charge-up of the substrate. Based on these findings, we proposed a new twin-nozzle PELID method, carried out experiments on dispersion on nonconductive substrates.

概要：In recent years, competition in the manufacturing industry is growing increasingly intense every year on a global-scale. For this reason, Higher performance and miniaturization of products, weight reduction are important challenges to companies. The same demands are also made to tools essential to manufacturing such as grinding wheels. To meet these demands, the authors are developing a system which combines 3D printing and PELID to build grinding wheels , ELID for improving the wheel surface to provide the required grinding wheel performance, PELID(Patterning with Electrostatically Injected Droplet) which is a liquid ejection technique for controlling the distribution of abrasives in the grinding wheel. This report discusses the results of reviewing the system for fabricating grinding wheels.

概要：Gelatin is useful biomaterials for biofabrication. The property of gelatin is unique. The state is changed to sol or gel by temperature. Utilizing the property of gelatin, we are able to fabricate cave for artificial Vessels in biodevices. Therefore, micro gelatin fibers are useful devices for fabrication of artifical vessles. In this paper, we made a mold for fabrication of micro gelatin fibers. We used PTFE for molds, because it has non-adhesive. Then, we made micro gelatin fibers which were 20〜100 μm in width utilizing the mold. Machining marks of the mold were transcribed on the surface of micro gelatin fibers. We are able to fabricate cave with arbitrary shape for artificial vessels utilizing micro gelatin fibers.

概要：Grooves were generated on the surface of the molding when 3D structures printed. The grooves were difficult to remove by the abrasive finishing process because the grooves exist inside of the printed structures. When the printed surface was melted and reformed utilizing chemical melting finishing process, the grooves will be disappeared and smooth surface will be appeared. 3D-Chemical Melting Finishing Process can selective surface treatment. In this paper, we investigated the fundamental characteristics of the 3D-Chemical Melting Finishing Process.

概要：Dye-sensitized Solar Cell (DSC) is one of the noteworthy devices due to its superior decoration and low cost process. However, there is a drawback in low conversion efficiency. Therefore we have studied fabrication method of the TiO_2 films for the improvement of the conversion efficiency. In this paper, we report on a method how to improve the conversion efficiency due to optimizing TiO_2 layers using the electrostatic inkjet. It was found that density of the TiO_2 layer is controlled by changing gap length between the two electrode by a scanning electron microscope of the inside and interface of TiO_2 layers. Further, the conversion efficiency of the cell was slightly enhanced by the stack of the two different density layers.

概要：Because of the recent development science and technology, Micro Air Vehicle (MAV) has been advanced to the investigation, such as a disaster site. These aircraft have spread, in this condition there is a possibility of contact with an obstacle when moving on the ground. For damage to the power source is fatal to MAV, we consider that the development of the folding mechanism is an urgent need, in the present study was carried out its development.

ISSN：14335298

概要：© 2016, ISAROB.Three-dimensional (3D) cell structures are required to fabricate artificial organ. Inkjet technology is applied for fabrication of 3D cell structures in order to fabricate artificial organ and investigate biochemical characteristics of cells in 3D cell structures. Usually cells located inside 3D cell structures get nutrition via blood vessels. In case that there are no blood vessels in the 3D cell structures, cells located inside the 3D cell structures will die of nutrition shortage. So, blood vessels are essential to fabricate 3D cell structures. When the amount and flow of nutrition is controlled, growth speed of cells will be changed. We control the flow around the cells utilizing magnetic particles and magnetic force. The magnetic particles are installed in the dish that is filled with medium, nutrition and living cells. When the magnetic particles are trapped and transported by magnetic force, the cell growth will be controlled. In this paper, we challenge to control the flow utilizing magnetic particles and magnetic force.

概要：昨今、材料加工分野において，精密，高能率化が求められている．これら材料加工分野要求を満たす加工法にELID研削法がある．我々は、3DプリンタとPELID技術を用いて更なるELID研削用砥石の製作を目指している．本研究では3DプリンタおよびPELID装置による複合装置を用いて，砥粒の配向制御を行った砥粒制御砥石を製作した．また，試作した砥石の加工結果についてELID研削加工実験により検証をした．

概要：研削加工で良好な面粗さを得るための有効な手段として砥石中の砥粒を微細化する手法がある.しかし,従来の製造方法では砥粒の凝集が生じて本来の効果を発揮できていない可能性がある.そこで我々は静電気力を応用したインクジェット技術であるPELIDを用いて微細砥粒を分散させた砥石製作を試みている.本報告では,新たに構築したツインノズルPELID装置を用いて製作した積層砥石について述べる.

概要：近年の技術革新により加工技術の要求も高いものとなっており、研削加工においてもさらなる加工精度、仕上性能向上が求められている。最近では砥石に様々な機能をもたせたものが提案され、研究が進められている。そこで我々は、シート積層造形とPELID法を組み合わせて、ボンド材にナノダイヤモンドを分散させることにより、潤滑効果を付与した砥石の開発を行った。本報告では、開発した砥石の特性を調査した結果を報告する。

概要：固定砥粒砥石の加工において面粗さを向上させる手段の一つに，微細砥粒の使用があげられる．しかし，微細砥粒を使用した砥石は砥粒同士が凝集してしまい，効果を発揮できていない可能性がある．そこで我々は砥粒を分散する手法に静電気力を利用した液滴吐出技術であるPELID法を用いて，砥石の製作を試みている．本報告では，PELID法を用いた砥石製作技術の構築および、製作した砥石の基礎特性について報告する．

概要：オンデマンドなものづくりを目指し，3Dプリンタと液滴砥粒技術であるPELIDを組み合わせた新たな複合システムを構築した．本システムを用いた砥石製作実験，試作した砥石による加工実験を行った．検討の結果，PELIDを複合させることにより砥粒の吐出状態を制御した砥石を製作することに成功した．また砥石の加工実験において，ワークの表面粗さを向上させる効果を確認した．本システムによりELID研削用砥石の製作が可能であることを確認した．

概要：

Gelatin has unique properties. The form is changed by temperature. In addition, the melting point is around 37 degree C. For these reasons, gelatin is useful for biofabrication. We are able to fabricate biodevices of biomaterials with cave utilizing gelatin. In this study, we spun gelatin fibers utilizing three methods. We were able to fabricate micro gelatin fibers which diameter was 20~200 μm. Each methods have merits and demerits. Therefore, utilizing three methods, we were able to fabricate complex structures of micro gelatin fibers.

ISSN：1344-4425

概要：疾病や外傷などで失われた組織や臓器を取り戻すことを目的として，再生医工学 (Tissue Engineering) の研究が始まり，世界に広まった．近年，3Dプリンタを始めとする造形技術を応用した研究が注目され，バイオプリンティング，バイオファブリケーション，バイオマニュファクチュアリング等と呼ばれている．生きた細胞や機能する精巧な3次元状の生体組織を人工的に作製するにあたり，さらなる技術の発展が期待されている．これまで再生医工学の技術には，3次元の足場材 (スキャホールド) を作製して培養する，有形の鋳型で模って培養する，細胞シートを積み重ねる，MEMS技術を援用して作製したマイクロウェルやマイクロ流路を利用してスフェロイドやファイバーを作製するなどが挙げられるが，異種インク材料をそれぞれ任意の箇所に，任意の量をコンピュータ制御で実装可能なことから，プリンタ技術，3次元プリンタ技術の応用が強く期待されている．本解説では，様々な方式のバイオ3Dプリンタを紹介する．

ISSN：0021-4922

ISSN：0007-8506